Long memory in Bitcoin and ether returns and volatility and Covid-19 pandemic

PurposeThe purpose of this research is to analyze the Bitcoin (BTC) and Ether (ETH) long memory and conditional volatility.Design/methodology/approachThe empirical approach includes ARFIMA-HYGARCH and ARFIMA-FIGARCH, both models under Student‘s t-distribution, during the period (ETH: November 9, 2017 to November 25, 2021 and BTC: September 17, 2014 to November 25, 2021).FindingsFindings suggest that ARFIMA-HYGARCH is the best model to analyze BTC volatility, and ARFIMA-FIGARCH is the best approach to model ETH volatility. Empirical evidence also confirms the existence of long memory on returns and on BTC volatility parameters. Results evidence that the models proposed are not as suitable for modeling ETH volatility as they are for the BTC.Originality/valueFindings allow to confirm the fractal market hypothesis in BTC market. The data confirm that, despite the impact of the Covid-19 crisis, the dynamics of BTC returns, and volatility maintained their patterns, i.e. the way in which they evolve, in relation to the prepandemic era, did not change, but it is rather reaffirmed. Yet, ETH conditional volatility was more affected, as it is apparently higher during Covid-19. The originality of the research lies in the focus of the analysis, the proposed methodology and the variables and periods of study.

Long memory in Bitcoin and ether returns and volatility and Covid-19 pandemic

PurposeThe purpose of this research is to analyze the Bitcoin (BTC) and Ether (ETH) long memory and conditional volatility. Design/methodology/approachThe empirical approach includes ARFIMA-HYGARCH and ARFIMA-FIGARCH, both models under Student's t-distribution, during the period (ETH: November 9, 2017 to November 25, 2021 and BTC: September 17, 2014 to November 25, 2021). FindingsFindings suggest that ARFIMA-HYGARCH is the best model to analyze BTC volatility, and ARFIMA-FIGARCH is the best approach to model ETH volatility. Empirical evidence also confirms the existence of long memory on returns and on BTC volatility parameters. Results evidence that the models proposed are not as suitable for modeling ETH volatility as they are for the BTC. Originality/valueFindings allow to confirm the fractal market hypothesis in BTC market. The data confirm that, despite the impact of the Covid-19 crisis, the dynamics of BTC returns, and volatility maintained their patterns, i.e. the way in which they evolve, in relation to the prepandemic era, did not change, but it is rather reaffirmed. Yet, ETH conditional volatility was more affected, as it is apparently higher during Covid-19. The originality of the research lies in the focus of the analysis, the proposed methodology and the variables and periods of study.

Financiarizacion y consumismo: multipolarismos y crisis Covid-19

El presente trabajo postula que bajo la crisis mundial causada por la pandemia de la Covid-19 subyace una crisis económica-financiera, derivada de un continuo de múltiples prácticas especulativas financieras en un entorno multi-polar asimétrico y propulsor de desigualdades globales y locales. Dos importantes elementos examinados son la financiarización y el consumismo cuyo entorno causal ha estado influenciado y entreverado con los patrones de nanza y locales e internacionales impulsados por los intereses y hegemonía de las empresas transnacionales y multinacionales (tm). Metodológicamente, proponemos una investigación explicativa sobre estas empresas, así como acerca de la multipolaridad, gobernanza y gobernabilidad. La evidencia analizada confirma que subyacente a la crisis sanitaria se encuentra una crisis económico-financiera estructural cuyos desequilibrios y abusos profundizan la crisis de la Covid-19.Alternate abstract:This work posits that under the terrible global crisis caused by the Covid-19 health crisis lies an economic-financial crisis, stemming from a continuum of multiple financial speculative practices in an asymmetrical multipolar environment and a driving force of global and local inequalities. Two important factors reviewed here are the financialization and consumerism whose causal environment has been influenced and intertwined with local and international governance and governability patterns fostered by the interests and hegemony of transnational and multinational enterprises (tm). Methodologically, we propose research that sheds light on these companies, as well as on multipolarity, governance and governability. The evidence analyzed confirms that underlying the health crisis lies a structural economic and financial crisis whose imbalances and abuses deepen the Covid-19 crisis.

Coronavirus (COVID 19) Infection in Pregnancy

Coronavirus illness 2019 (COVID-19) is an airways infection caused by the new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) which has been quickly disseminated all over the world, affecting to the general population including women in pregnancy time. As being a recent infection, the evidence that supports the best practices for the management of the infection during pregnancy is limited, and most of the questions have not been completely solved yet. This publication offers general guidelines focused on decision-making people, managers, and health's teams related to pregnant women attention and newborn babies during COVID-19 pandemic. Its purpose is to promote useful interventions to prevent new infections as well as prompt and adequate attention to avoid serious complications or deaths, trying to be adapted to the different contexts in which attention to expectant mothers is provided. Guidelines are set within a well-scientific evidence and available recommendations up to date. Resumen La enfermedad por coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) es una infección de las vías respiratorias causada por un nuevo virus (SARS-CoV-2) que se ha diseminado rápidamente en el mundo, afectando a la población general, incluida la población de mujeres cursando un embarazo. Por ser una infección de aparición reciente, la información que soporta las mejores prácticas para el manejo de la infección durante la gestación es escasa y muchas de las preguntas no están completamente resueltas. Esta publicación brinda lineamientos generales orientados a tomadores de decisión, gerentes y equipos de salud en relación con el cuidado de mujeres gestantes y recién nacidos durante la pandemia por COVID 19. Su finalidad es promover intervenciones beneficiosas para prevenir nuevos contagios, y la atención oportuna y adecuada de la gestante para evitar complicaciones graves y/o muertes, adecuándose a los distintos contextos en los que se proporciona atención médica. Los lineamientos se enmarcan en la mejor información científica y las recomendaciones disponibles hasta la fecha.